Jiaohe and Gaochang: A Comparison of Two Ancient Cities
How to choose between Jiaohe and Gaochang: the two different ancient city logics of digging into the ground versus building with rammed earth, differences in highlights, and recommendations for lighting at dusk and dawn.
Jiaohe Ancient City
The capital of the Cheshi people, the entire city was dug from the terrace into the ground, making it the largest earthen city ruin in the world. The alleys are maze-like, and the walls take on a honey color in the dusk light.
Gaochang Ancient City
The place where Xuanzang preached, with massive rammed earth walls. The outer and inner cities, along with the Khan's fortress, are clearly layered; the area is large, and riding a donkey carriage makes touring easier.
Choices and Combinations
If time is tight, choose Jiaohe (its atmosphere is irreplaceable); if fascinated by ruins, visit both. Combine with the Astana Ancient Tombs and Sugong Pagoda, scheduling one day for the Gaochang route and one day for the Jiaohe route.
Practical Tips
Both cities have no shade, so double sun protection and water; climbing the earthen walls in the ancient cities is prohibited, and drones must be registered as per regulations.