Complete Guide to Transportation in Xinjiang
How to get around Xinjiang: the three major aviation hubs of Urumqi-Kashi-Ili, the Lanzhou-Xinjiang and Southern Xinjiang railways, car rental rates, and shuttle bus rules between scenic areas.
Aviation
Urumqi is the main hub; Kashgar, Yining, Altay, Kuqa, and Hotan all have domestic flight connections. Buying internal flights in Xinjiang in advance often offers low prices and saves a whole day compared to long-distance bus travel.
Railway
The Lanzhou–Xinjiang High-Speed Railway connects Urumqi—Turpan—Hami; the Southern Xinjiang Railway's night sleeper from Urumqi—Kuqa—Kashgar is a classic experience, with tickets available through 12306.
Charter and Self-Driving
For long routes, charter service is preferred: drivers and guides are familiar with pasture routes and refueling rhythms, with fees quoted per day and vehicle type. Self-driving is suitable for travelers with long-distance mountain road experience. Note: in some scenic areas (such as Kanas), private cars are not allowed inside and must switch to shuttle buses; refuel whenever you see a station; do not rush mountain roads at night.
Scenic Area Shuttle
Large scenic areas such as Kanas, Heavenly Lake, and Nalati implement a "ticket + shuttle" package system, with private cars parked at outer transfer centers; during peak season, queues for the shuttle are common, so entering the park before 9 a.m. offers the best experience.